Sunday, December 25, 2011

Monday, November 21, 2011

Video Projectors

!±8± Video Projectors

Some of the various indispensable parts of a video projector are the feed spool, xenon arc lamp, projection lens, optical sound head, take up spool, an aperture, normal lens and a rotating shutter. But with the advancement of science, new technologies have come into play. The projectors have become much more advanced in terms of clarity of picture and the quality of the pixels. Also, the projectors have found use in everyday households, as new versions of domestic projectors have arrived on the market. The abundance of LCD projectors, DLP projectors and video projectors has allowed the common man to enjoy the experience of a big theater hall in his living room.

Video projectors have become very common throughout the world. One can have all the excitement and enjoyment of a big movie blockbuster at home. They are also used in schools and colleges where it is necessary to show videos and films on a regular basis to a large number of people.

It is always advisable to the users of video projectors or projection televisions to pay attention to the scaler. One can use a number of processors, scalers or switches to optimize the video sources to best match the native resolution of your video projector, flat panel, or LCD/DLP-based rear projection television. Video projectors have some kind of capability for scaling. Making use of or implementing an outboard processor or a scaler can raise the performance level to a much higher level for both video display and source components.


Video Projectors

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Saturday, November 12, 2011

5 Common Lasers Used in Optometry

!±8± 5 Common Lasers Used in Optometry

Light can reach almost any internal eye structure noninvasively. The use of light in the field of optometry dates back to 1946 when German ophthalmologist Gerd Meyer-Schwickerath used light to coagulate human retinal tissue. He did so by focusing the light of a xenon arc lamp and thus producing tiny burns in the retina that sealed off retinal tears. This technique would revolutionize the world of optometry. After the first laser was demonstrated in 1960 by Theodore Maiman, it quickly became an efficient tool in the field of corrective eye treatment. Today's technology has made it possible to develop a wide variety of lasers, each with its own technical specifications and uses. The following are five of the most common kinds of lasers used in optometry.

1. YAG laser

The YAG laser is a solid-state laser and one of the most common types of lasers, used in many different fields, including ophthalmology. YAG lasers have a 1054 mm wavelength and can be operated in pulsed mode as well as continuous mode. The most common eye surgeries in which the YAG laser is used are cataract surgery and peripheral iridotomy. YAG lasers with frequencies of 532mm wavelengths are used for photocoagulation.

2. Excimer laser

Excimer lasers are probably the most widely used kinds of lasers in optometry. Instead of burning through matter, excimer lasers shoot out energy that breaks apart the molecular bonds of the eye's surface tissue. These molecules thus disintegrate into the air, and there is no burning involved. Excimer lasers can remove incredibly thin layers of eye material without impacting the remaining tissue. Thus, these types of lasers are often used in precision surgeries.

3. Microkeratome femtosecond laser

The microkeratome is a mechanical shaver that cuts a very thin flap out of the exterior layer of the cornea to allow for laser surgery. The microkeratome laser was designed to forego the blade and use ultrashort-pulse femtosecond lasers to make the cut instead. This new method can minimize risks inherent in the microkeratome blade method.

4. Krypton lasers

Krypton lasers are a kind of gas laser created using krypton ions in combination with electronic discharges. Krypton lasers are commonly used to treat macular degeneration, a disease that shows up often in elderly people and results in the loss of a central field of vision due to a damaged retina.

5. Argon laser

Discovered by William R. Bennett, the argon laser can be emitted at various wavelengths in the ultraviolet spectrum. Argon lasers are commonly used in retinal phototherapy procedures. Diabetic patients can suffer from diabetic retinopathy. Argon lasers are used for panretinal photocoagulation, which can prevent retinopathy from doing further damage. Argon lasers are also used in treating open-angle glaucoma.  


5 Common Lasers Used in Optometry

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Monday, October 10, 2011

Understanding the Power of a Compound Microscope

!±8± Understanding the Power of a Compound Microscope

Probably a common apparatus at most high school science laboratories, the compound microscope use the popular combination of dual lenses and light reflection. In a world becoming infinitesimally smaller in each generation, microscopes of all types, caliber, sizes and capabilities can be found virtually everywhere - from laboratories in high school campuses, colleges, universities, to research and development laboratories of pharmaceutical companies and a host of other manufacturers.

Getting to Know Microscopes

The compound microscope has more than one lens - usually two - to do its job. The most basic of all types - the simple microscope uses a single lens. Impliedly, it offers a better view and more capabilities. Here are basics of microscopy:

1. Light Source.

Illumination is a basic requirement in microscopy. Some microscopes have mirrors that reflect light from sources outside of the microscope. Others, like the fluorescence microscope have their own specific sources of illumination, in its case a mercury-vapor lamp or a xenon arc lamp. Those using specific light sources are generally more powerful as these lights are more intense than generic day or lamplights used by ordinary compound microscopes.

2. Objective Lens.

All microscopes have objective lens - the lens closest to the object under probe; not all microscopes have eyepieces. Although the common image the word conjures is that of an ocular device, there are highly advanced microscopes that do not have an eyepiece. Some microscopes have three eyepieces for normal viewing and for mounting a camera, like the trinocular microscope. Instead, there are mounted on cameras and or video displays for a state-of-the-art, 3D view of microscopic objects or organisms. If you follow popular American TV, you would have already seen this in shows like House, MD.

3. Magnification Controls.

Yes, the term sounds impressive but it's also very basic. Microscopes, regardless of power and/or grade, allow you to control magnification levels with adjustment knobs. Usually, the magnification power is a factor of the objective lens and the eyepiece. In all cases, the maximum magnification is 2000x.

Practical Applications

Compound microscopes are used in many fields and for various purposes. The type of compound microscope you need and the magnification levels you require is determined by what you want to see, the specimen you're using and what you want to do with the images. Incidentally, manufacturers have developed a range of microscopes with specific applications and users in mind. It's now common to find different grades of one type of microscope. Student-grade compound microscopes - probably an inexpensive tool - are found in virtually all high school laboratories across the globe. Professional-grade compound microscopes can be found in research laboratories where you usually find white coats. Fortunately, manufacturers of this equipment like Meji Techno, Nikon, and Olympus make customizing microscopes possible with a range of selections that come with various accessories. You can configure your own microscope to suit your specific application.

But wait! That's not all. Working closely with its user base, these companies are constantly working toward improving their existing line with creative and imaginative input from people who use their products the most. So, have you and your compound microscope met?


Understanding the Power of a Compound Microscope

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Monday, September 26, 2011

Brighten up your deliveries at night with HID bulb

!±8± Brighten up your deliveries at night with HID bulb

Walking along the streets at night can be destabilizing when the beam power and dim the lights. An HID bulb, all is amazing how quickly effectively changes the "Special Delivery", they say.

The power of the bulb

The HID bulb is still far away, in style. It turns elegant and expensive models. It is not necessary to sell your soul to replace your 8-year-old car old reliable. You can use the same light output on the road without emptying their pockets are.

WhenShopping for new cars lights considering the options and know the details of each HID bulb. If you find an online search, the latest HID bulb and the generic usual. HID lamps are reliable:

H13 Bi-Xenon HID D2S H4 9006
D2R HID H4 Bi-Xenon HID 9003 9007
HID H1 H7 9004 9008 Bi-Xenon
H3 H11 9005 HID

If you go for a full conversion, you can use the same HIDKit:

H8 H1 9005 D2S
D2R 9006 H3 H4 Bi-Xenon
H4 H13 9004 9007
H7 9005 9008

The board HID

The HID bulb produces 2,800 lumens and 3,500 from 35 and 38 watts of electricity, such as halogen lamps, at 700-2100 luminous flux of 40 watts and 72 against. This must be driven by a voltage of 12.8.

The HID lamp can also emit a beam of light given. You can change the distribution of light intensity is lower than the halogenBeam. The xenon headlights can give a robust bundle if you want to maintain a larger beam.

You have heard much talk of the xenon bulb and asked me everything. The xenon bulb is the smartest kid on the block. A Xenon lamp HID xenon gas used, of course. This gas is the light switches on startup. The light emission increases further when the car is completely warmed up. If you used your car head lamp argon, would take longer for the light to reach their fullBrightness.

Performance-wise, the HID xenon lamp of your choice and can reflect the traffic signs and road signs better. The light beam can be seen further along the road compared to standard halogen bulbs.

What you need for an igniter and ballast?

Since HID lamps can not be powered by direct current at low voltage, you will need a lighter weight with external or internal. When you turn on the light, the fuse goes to work immediately for the start of several thousand voltsthe arc that occurs between the electrodes inside the lamp. The arc generates heat, the metal salts that are vaporized in the arc chamber. Meanwhile, the ballast will slowly transform the operation for the period of operation.

You will find this process in D1 and D2 HID bulb and mercury-free HID lamps D3 and D4. If you're an environmentalist who get mercury-free HID lamp versions. You'll never go wrong. Test your bright, white light, if you have HID headlights again. It may take timeDistance to travel to deliver your goods safely and comfortable after dark.


Brighten up your deliveries at night with HID bulb

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Sunday, September 18, 2011

Wednesday, September 14, 2011

ISO 4892-2:2006, Plastics - Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources - Part 2: Xenon-arc lamps

!±8±ISO 4892-2:2006, Plastics - Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources - Part 2: Xenon-arc lamps

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This part of ISO 4892 specifies methods for exposing specimens to xenon-arc light in the presence of moisture to reproduce the weathering effects that occur when materials are exposed in actual end-use environments to daylight or to daylight filtered through window glass.The specimens are exposed to filtered xenon-arc light under controlled conditions (temperature, humidity and/or wetting). Various types of xenon-arc light source and various filter combinations may be used to meet different requirements.Specimen preparation and evaluation of the results are covered in other International Standards for specific materials.General guidance is given in ISO 4892-1. This title may contain less than 24 pages of technical content.

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